Which measure protects the airway mucosa when using supplemental oxygen?

• A. Nebulization
• B. Corticosteroids
• C. Exercise
• D. Humidification

Answer: (D)

Humidification protects the airway mucosa by adding moisture to the inspired oxygen. Oxygen delivered in dry form can dry out nasal and airway surfaces, making secretions thicker and irritating the mucosa, which can lead to crusting or nosebleeds. Humidified (often warmed) oxygen restores moisture and temperature, helping maintain mucous viscosity and support ciliary clearance, reducing irritation and the risk of mucus plugging during therapy. Nebulization may moisturize, but its primary use is medication delivery; corticosteroids reduce inflammation but don’t immediately prevent mucosal drying; exercise has no direct effect on the moisture content of inspired gas. So, humidification is the best measure to protect airway mucosa during supplemental oxygen.